MALE INFERTILITY CAUSES:-
Pre testicular causes:::
1.Hypothalamic disease (kallmann syndrome)
(a) Isolated Ganado trophin deficiency
(b) Isolated L.H deficiency
(c) Isolated FSH deficiency
(d) Congenital Hypo Gonadotropic syndromes
2.Pitutary disease
(a) Pituitary insufficiency ( tumors, infiltration process, operation,
radiation)
(b) Hyper prolactinemia
(c) Homo chromatosis
(d) Exogenous hormones(estrogen-androgen excess, gluco corticoid excess, hyper
thyroids)
Testicular causes of Infertility:::
*Chromosomal abnormalities (Klinefelter's syndrome,)
*Noonan's syndrome (Male tuners syndrome)
*Bilateral Anorchia (vanishing testis syndrome)
*Seratoil - cell - only syndrome (germinal cell aplasia)
*Gonado toxins (drugs, radiation)
*Orchitis (S.T.D, T.B)
*Tracema
*Systemic disease (Renal failure, Hepatic disease, sickle cell disease)
*Defective Androgen synthesis or action
*Cryptorchidism
*Medication (to treat high B.P, arthritis)
*Retrograde ejaculation
*Varicocoel
FEMALE INFERTILITY CAUSES:-
1. General factors:-
D.M; Thyroid disorders; adrenal disease; systemic diseases of liver; kidney
psychological factors.
2. Hypothalamic:-
pituitary factors; Kallmann syndrome; Hypothalamic dysfunction;
Hyperprolactinaemia; Hypopitutarism.
3. Ovarian factors:-
Pco syndrome; Aovulation; Diminished ovarian reserve; Leuteal dysfunction;
Premature menopause; Gonsdal dysgenesis (Turners syndrome); Ovarian neoplasm.
4. Tubal/peritoneal factors:-
Endometriosis; Pelvic adhesions; Pelvic inflammatory disease; Tubal occlusion
5. Uterine factors:-
Uterine malformation; Uterine fibroids; Ashermaris syndrome.
6.cervical factors:-
Cervical stenosis; Anti sperm; anti bodies; Insufficient cervical mucus.
7.vaginal factors:-
Vaginismus; Vaginal obstruction.
8.Genetic factors:- Various
inter sex conditions such as Androgen insensitivity syndrome.
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